{"id":3389,"date":"2022-04-15T15:00:40","date_gmt":"2022-04-15T15:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great-dev\/?page_id=3389"},"modified":"2022-11-14T05:30:32","modified_gmt":"2022-11-14T05:30:32","slug":"publiclabs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/havana\/publiclabs\/","title":{"rendered":"PublicLabs in Havana"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3389\" class=\"elementor elementor-3389\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3548e00 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3548e00\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f6864b0\" data-id=\"f6864b0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-951798a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"951798a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a18007 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a18007\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PublicLabs in Havana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c39f7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0c39f7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f935ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f935ab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1bd33e8\" data-id=\"1bd33e8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b3329b elementor-tabs-alignment-center elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"4b3329b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7881\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7881\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Transport &amp; Mobility<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7882\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7882\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Zero Waste<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7883\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7883\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Policy &amp; Urban Planning<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7881\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Transport &amp; Mobility<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7881\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7881\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee9827b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ee9827b\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\"><div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a94b92\" data-id=\"4a94b92\" data-element_type=\"column\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10f0d84 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10f0d84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><p><span style=\"font-style: inherit;font-weight: inherit\">Transport is a complex issue in contemporary Havana and the effects of the blockade are extremely visible in this area. The vast majority of the population regardless of the income group they belong to relies on mobility modes that are not associated to private individual vehicles. A private car is a scarce expensive<\/span><\/p><p>commodity and there is very low motorisation rate. Mostly, travellers are users of a public transportation based on an old almost exclusively petrol-dependent fleet. Newly introduced options include also collective taxis and other more expensive modes. The extremely low prices of the public transportation (between USD 0.02 \u2013 USD 0.25 excluding collective taxis) means that affordability is not a barrier even for the most vulnerable people in the city. On the other hand, bicycles are stigmatized by the bad memories of the 90 \u0301s when it became the only option available for the majority of the Habaneros. Their numbers have diminished to almost inexistence. The current offer of bikes is beyond reach for most pockets.<\/p><p>The\u00a0supply of buses doesn\u2019t meet the demand, and the increasing\u00a0offers of collective taxis is insufficient and affect other related\u00a0variables. The predominant fleet of vehicles is old and there is\u00a0a lack of resource to cover the needs of maintenance.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e660ffb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e660ffb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><p>The restrictions imposed by U.S.A on finance has been a major factor not only in the maintenance of the means of transport and the access for its replace, but in the low level of investment in infrastructure over many years that contributes to restricted accessibility, danger and a poor quality urban environment. All of this has a negative impact in the provision of public transport and in the capacity to provide better conditions for mobility and accessibility in Havana.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f10497 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f10497\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\"><div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b996f3\" data-id=\"0b996f3\" data-element_type=\"column\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84eeeea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"84eeeea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Access to Services<\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f901b65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f901b65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><p>Because Cuba has developed widespread affordable healthcare and educational systems during the last 60 years, this has allowed everyone a level of access to good quality service in their own neighbourhoods. This kind of embedded infrastructure, even within informal settlements, increases the accessibility and therefore diminishes the needs of movement around the city.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1c0243 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1c0243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><p>Paradoxically, this does come with its own risks .<\/p><ul><li>The lack of maintenance of pedestrians infrastructure<\/li><li>Poor conditions\u00a0of walking infrastructure<\/li><li>Car-oriented road geometry and\u00a0design<\/li><li>Low traffic volumes combined with drivers\u00a0\u0301perception of exclusive right to the roads enables relatively\u00a0high speeds.<\/li><\/ul><p>All of it makes hostile and\u00a0unfriendly to the walkability in vast areas of the city.\u00a0This limits the participation of older people and those with\u00a0disabilities in particular, since\u00a0walking is\u00a0often the only available option.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8914b81\" data-id=\"8914b81\" data-element_type=\"column\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bffe8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8bffe8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\u00a0<\/div><div><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3451\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04619_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=828%2C620&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"828\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04619_drive.google.com_.jpeg?w=828&amp;ssl=1 828w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04619_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04619_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=150%2C112&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04619_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=768%2C575&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7882\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Zero Waste<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7882\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7882\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><p><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\"wp-image-3450 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04240_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=283%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04240_drive.google.com_.jpeg?w=796&amp;ssl=1 796w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04240_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=283%2C300&amp;ssl=1 283w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04240_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=141%2C150&amp;ssl=1 141w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Web-capture_16-4-2022_04240_drive.google.com_.jpeg?resize=768%2C814&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 283px) 100vw, 283px\" \/><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7883\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Policy &amp; Urban Planning<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7883\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7883\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43a8491 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43a8491\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\n<img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4422\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Cuba-map.jpeg?resize=1448%2C657&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1448\" height=\"657\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Cuba-map.jpeg?w=1755&amp;ssl=1 1755w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Cuba-map.jpeg?resize=300%2C136&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Cuba-map.jpeg?resize=1024%2C464&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Cuba-map.jpeg?resize=150%2C68&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Cuba-map.jpeg?resize=768%2C348&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/files\/2022\/04\/Cuba-map.jpeg?resize=1536%2C697&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\n\nThe current and prevailing policy\u00a0has been the policy of eradication while in reality they have\u00a0been growing and consolidating although with a weak\u00a0infrastructure that keeps people off the transport grid\u00a0hindering the access to the resources offered by the city.\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0e43ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a0e43ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\nAdditionally these settlements have a poor infrastructure for\u00a0waste management, which makes of them a contributor to\u00a0the contamination of the bay. A new development planning\u00a0tool is under construction in order to frame the conversion:\u00a0The Plan Perspectivo de desarrollo de la bah\u00eda de La Habana\u00a0(PPD-BH).\n\nThe first version of the instrument identifies the\u00a0slums challenge but calls for collaboration in order to build a\u00a0consistent approach to be inserted in the new versions of the\u00a0document. Therefore the transition of the area that equates\u00a0that of the city as a whole has to deal with the co-production\u00a0of a robust approach towards these off-gridded communities\u00a0and amid a partnership with a wide range of actors GREAT will\u00a0generate key knowledge to this aim.\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63e3b48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63e3b48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\nThe policy towards informal settlements is amid a thorough revision advanced by the new legal and policy frameworks, namely the New Urban Agenda. So, the policy is \u201cbeing built\u201d and GREAT can contribute to enhance it while it changes from the model of eradication to a model that understands other approaches including upgrading but that are not formalised in any document yet. What is particularly attractive for the selected\u00a0settlement is that it is located within a national priority area in\u00a0the early stages of transformation. Therefore the potential\u00a0influence on the tools at local level becomes a pilot for policy\u00a0making too.\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PublicLabs in Havana Transport &amp; Mobility Zero Waste Policy &amp; Urban Planning Transport &amp; Mobility Transport is a complex issue in contemporary Havana and the effects of the blockade are extremely visible in this area. The vast majority of the population regardless of the income group they belong to relies on mobility modes that are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1530,"featured_media":0,"parent":74,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3389","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1530"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3389"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5407,"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3389\/revisions\/5407"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.lancs.ac.uk\/great\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}